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*Strix occidentalis*, commonly known as the spotted owl, is a medium-sized owl species native to the old-growth forests of western North America, including parts of the United States and Mexico. This species is known for its striking appearance, with dark brown plumage covered in white, oval-shaped spots, and its large, round facial disk that enhances its hearing. The owl\'s underparts are lighter, also with dark streaks and spots. Adult spotted owls typically measure 43 to 48 cm (17 to 19 inches) in length, with a wingspan of about 114 cm (45 inches). Spotted owls are nocturnal and rely heavily on their acute vision and exceptional hearing to hunt at night. Their diet primarily consists of small mammals such as woodrats, flying squirrels, and other small vertebrates like birds and insects. They are stealthy hunters, using their silent flight to approach prey undetected. These owls inhabit mature forests, especially those with dense canopies of coniferous or mixed woodlands. They prefer areas with a complex structure, such as large trees and dead snags, where they can find suitable nesting sites. Spotted owls are territorial and typically monogamous, forming long-term pair bonds. Conservation concerns have arisen due to habitat loss, primarily from logging, and competition with the more aggressive barred owl (*Strix varia*), leading to their status as a threatened species.

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